Table 18.1 Buildings – Characteristics by primary activity and year of construction, 2019
Primary activity | Year of construction | Building count | Floor space | Energy use | Energy intensity | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
# | QI | millions of m2 | QI | PJ | QI | GJ/m2 | ||
Bank branch | Total | 8,419 | A | 5.6 | A | 5.1 | A | 0.95 |
Before 1920 | 250 | F | 0.1 | F | 0.2 | F | 1.47 | |
1920 to 1959 | 404 | B | 0.3 | C | 0.2 | C | 0.81 | |
1960 to 1969 | 435 | F | 0.3 | F | 0.3 | F | 1.10 | |
1970 to 1979 | 1,336 | B | 0.7 | B | 0.9 | B | 1.19 | |
1980 to 1989 | 545 | C | 0.5 | B | 0.4 | C | 0.92 | |
1990 to 1999 | 999 | F | 0.5 | F | 0.5 | F | 1.06 | |
2000 to 2009 | 1,076 | B | 1.1 | F | 1.1 | F | 1.08 | |
2010 or later | 1,014 | F | 0.9 | F | 0.5 | F | 0.62 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 2,359 | F | 1.4 | F | 1.1 | F | 0.79 | |
Public safety – police and fire station | Total | 4,909 | B | 8.8 | F | 7.4 | C | 0.96 |
Before 1920 | 1,368 | F | 3.8 | F | 2.5 | F | 0.71 | |
1920 to 1959 | 170 | F | 0.2 | F | 0.3 | C | 1.58 | |
1960 to 1969 | 266 | B | 0.2 | A | 0.2 | C | 1.35 | |
1970 to 1979 | 610 | A | 2.0 | F | 1.7 | F | 1.11 | |
1980 to 1989 | 633 | B | 0.6 | B | 0.8 | B | 1.14 | |
1990 to 1999 | 328 | A | 0.3 | B | 0.3 | B | 0.99 | |
2000 to 2009 | 626 | C | 0.5 | B | 0.4 | B | 0.79 | |
2010 or later | 394 | B | 0.5 | B | 0.6 | B | 1.19 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 513 | F | 0.8 | F | 0.6 | F | 0.86 | |
Assisted living facility | Total | 4,637 | A | 16.6 | B | 18.9 | A | 1.44 |
Before 1920 | 904 | F | 0.6 | F | 0.6 | F | 1.16 | |
1920 to 1959 | 207 | A | 0.6 | F | 1.9 | F | 3.01 | |
1960 to 1969 | 273 | A | 4.0 | F | 2.0 | C | 2.10 | |
1970 to 1979 | 394 | A | 2.1 | C | 2.1 | B | 1.47 | |
1980 to 1989 | 452 | B | 0.6 | A | 0.8 | A | 1.85 | |
1990 to 1999 | 332 | B | 1.5 | F | 2.8 | F | 1.33 | |
2000 to 2009 | 520 | A | 2.5 | B | 3.5 | B | 1.44 | |
2010 or later | 547 | F | 1.6 | C | 2.1 | F | 1.01 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 1,006 | A | 3.0 | A | 3.2 | A | 1.24 | |
Hotel, motel, hostel, or lodge | Total | 10,058 | A | 24.6 | A | 33.2 | A | 1.28 |
Before 1920 | 670 | C | 1.6 | F | 1.4 | F | 0.69 | |
1920 to 1959 | 1,688 | C | 1.4 | B | 2.0 | B | 1.68 | |
1960 to 1969 | 772 | A | 2.3 | B | 2.9 | B | 1.64 | |
1970 to 1979 | 1,012 | B | 4.1 | B | 6.1 | B | 1.58 | |
1980 to 1989 | 787 | A | 3.0 | A | 3.2 | B | 1.86 | |
1990 to 1999 | 560 | A | 2.3 | C | 2.9 | C | 1.25 | |
2000 to 2009 | 486 | B | 2.6 | B | 8.5 | F | 2.33 | |
2010 or later | 953 | F | 3.9 | F | 2.8 | B | 0.61 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 3,130 | F | 3.5 | C | 3.3 | C | 0.89 | |
Preschool or daycare | Total | 6,433 | A | 4.7 | A | 3.8 | A | 0.98 |
Before 1920 | 126 | B | 0.1 | F | 0.1 | C | 2.63 | |
1920 to 1959 | 628 | A | 0.3 | B | 0.3 | B | 0.85 | |
1960 to 1969 | 722 | F | 0.3 | C | 0.6 | F | 0.99 | |
1970 to 1979 | 841 | B | 0.6 | F | 0.7 | C | 2.13 | |
1980 to 1989 | 538 | A | 0.5 | F | 0.4 | F | 0.92 | |
1990 to 1999 | 659 | C | 0.5 | B | 0.2 | B | 0.76 | |
2000 to 2009 | 900 | A | 0.7 | A | 0.4 | A | 0.70 | |
2010 or later | 1,279 | B | 1.0 | B | 0.4 | B | 0.46 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 738 | A | 0.7 | B | 0.7 | C | 0.95 | |
Primary or secondary school | Total | 18,117 | A | 83.9 | A | 69.7 | A | 0.91 |
Before 1920 | 600 | F | 1.9 | C | 1.5 | C | 0.80 | |
1920 to 1959 | 5,110 | A | 24.8 | A | 19.7 | A | 0.79 | |
1960 to 1969 | 4,970 | A | 19.8 | A | 18.2 | A | 1.10 | |
1970 to 1979 | 1,855 | A | 7.9 | A | 5.6 | A | 0.86 | |
1980 to 1989 | 812 | A | 6.1 | F | 5.4 | F | 0.84 | |
1990 to 1999 | 1,153 | A | 6.2 | B | 5.4 | B | 0.91 | |
2000 to 2009 | 755 | A | 6.3 | B | 6.9 | B | 1.02 | |
2010 or later | 637 | A | 3.8 | A | 1.9 | A | 0.61 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 2,227 | C | 7.1 | A | 5.1 | A | 0.92 | |
Restaurant | Total | 47,987 | A | 13.4 | A | 36.0 | A | 2.60 |
Before 1920 | 2,913 | B | 0.9 | B | 1.5 | B | 1.93 | |
1920 to 1959 | 3,454 | A | 1.0 | A | 3.8 | A | 4.38 | |
1960 to 1969 | 4,522 | F | 1.4 | F | 1.9 | C | 1.30 | |
1970 to 1979 | 3,730 | B | 1.2 | B | 3.7 | B | 2.71 | |
1980 to 1989 | 7,552 | F | 2.1 | F | 4.3 | B | 1.69 | |
1990 to 1999 | 5,886 | F | 1.1 | C | 2.9 | B | 2.31 | |
2000 to 2009 | 4,979 | B | 1.6 | B | 5.5 | C | 3.81 | |
2010 or later | 3,685 | C | 0.9 | C | 3.0 | B | 2.76 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 11,265 | B | 3.0 | B | 9.5 | A | 2.89 | |
Food or beverage store | Total | 36,587 | A | 30.7 | A | 50.0 | A | 1.34 |
Before 1920 | 1,291 | F | 0.5 | F | 0.6 | F | 0.86 | |
1920 to 1959 | 5,519 | F | 7.0 | F | 10.2 | F | 1.81 | |
1960 to 1969 | 2,033 | C | 2.8 | F | 5.5 | F | 2.22 | |
1970 to 1979 | 3,362 | B | 3.2 | F | 6.8 | F | 1.83 | |
1980 to 1989 | 3,041 | B | 3.4 | C | 3.3 | B | 1.30 | |
1990 to 1999 | 2,112 | C | 2.2 | C | 4.3 | B | 2.74 | |
2000 to 2009 | 5,786 | F | 4.8 | B | 9.2 | F | 0.98 | |
2010 or later | 2,349 | B | 2.1 | B | 3.2 | C | 0.86 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 11,094 | C | 4.6 | A | 6.8 | B | 0.89 | |
Retail – non−food | Total | 79,750 | A | 87.1 | A | 85.0 | A | 1.01 |
Before 1920 | 3,044 | F | 0.7 | B | 0.5 | B | 0.71 | |
1920 to 1959 | 11,088 | A | 5.7 | B | 8.3 | F | 1.34 | |
1960 to 1969 | 7,664 | C | 3.4 | B | 6.7 | F | 1.93 | |
1970 to 1979 | 9,964 | B | 11.4 | B | 11.4 | B | 0.83 | |
1980 to 1989 | 9,479 | C | 7.8 | B | 6.1 | B | 0.74 | |
1990 to 1999 | 5,351 | B | 14.4 | F | 15.5 | F | 1.81 | |
2000 to 2009 | 10,259 | C | 22.7 | F | 19.6 | F | 0.66 | |
2010 or later | 4,555 | A | 5.5 | C | 5.1 | C | 1.27 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 18,347 | B | 15.6 | B | 11.8 | A | 0.62 | |
Office space – medical | Total | 20,645 | A | 15.2 | C | 8.9 | A | 0.91 |
Before 1920 | 1,751 | F | 5.3 | F | 0.7 | F | 0.52 | |
1920 to 1959 | 3,211 | A | 1.2 | A | 1.1 | B | 1.06 | |
1960 to 1969 | 1,353 | B | 1.1 | F | 1.2 | F | 1.87 | |
1970 to 1979 | 1,716 | B | 0.9 | B | 1.1 | C | 0.88 | |
1980 to 1989 | 1,898 | B | 1.2 | B | 0.8 | A | 0.79 | |
1990 to 1999 | 2,152 | B | 0.7 | A | 0.5 | B | 0.92 | |
2000 to 2009 | 1,938 | B | 0.8 | B | 0.7 | B | 0.90 | |
2010 or later | 2,420 | C | 1.4 | C | 1.1 | B | 1.09 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 4,207 | A | 2.6 | B | 1.7 | B | 0.62 | |
Office space – excluding medical | Total | 78,755 | A | 101.5 | A | 111.7 | A | 1.05 |
Before 1920 | 5,223 | B | 3.5 | A | 3.0 | B | 0.87 | |
1920 to 1959 | 8,537 | A | 8.1 | B | 6.4 | A | 1.02 | |
1960 to 1969 | 7,616 | C | 8.4 | C | 25.0 | F | 1.34 | |
1970 to 1979 | 11,220 | A | 10.7 | A | 16.1 | C | 1.78 | |
1980 to 1989 | 11,611 | B | 17.0 | C | 18.8 | C | 1.10 | |
1990 to 1999 | 5,609 | A | 6.7 | C | 4.9 | B | 0.85 | |
2000 to 2009 | 5,667 | C | 7.8 | B | 6.6 | B | 0.79 | |
2010 or later | 4,335 | A | 8.5 | B | 9.6 | C | 0.84 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 18,937 | A | 30.8 | B | 21.1 | B | 0.73 | |
Recreation centre | Total | 8,083 | A | 11.4 | A | 14.6 | A | 1.07 |
Before 1920 | 1,107 | F | 0.7 | F | 0.5 | F | 0.67 | |
1920 to 1959 | 1,529 | B | 1.3 | A | 1.1 | B | 0.85 | |
1960 to 1969 | 849 | F | 1.4 | C | 2.2 | C | 1.38 | |
1970 to 1979 | 1,248 | C | 1.5 | B | 1.0 | A | 0.68 | |
1980 to 1989 | 543 | B | 1.4 | C | 2.2 | C | 1.00 | |
1990 to 1999 | 795 | C | 1.2 | C | 2.1 | F | 1.14 | |
2000 to 2009 | 486 | F | 1.4 | B | 2.4 | B | 1.01 | |
2010 or later | 234 | B | 0.7 | C | 0.9 | C | 1.04 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 1,293 | C | 2.0 | B | 2.2 | B | 1.84 | |
Ice rink | Total | 1,900 | F | 5.9 | A | 7.5 | A | 1.15 |
1920 to 1959 | 113 | A | 0.4 | B | 0.5 | B | 1.35 | |
1960 to 1969 | 1,027 | F | 1.6 | F | 1.6 | F | 1.09 | |
1970 to 1979 | 355 | A | 1.3 | A | 2.2 | C | 1.20 | |
1980 to 1989 | 96 | B | 0.5 | C | 0.6 | B | 1.38 | |
1990 to 1999 | 40 | B | 0.4 | F | 0.4 | F | 1.46 | |
2000 to 2009 | 15 | A | 0.1 | B | 0.2 | C | 1.19 | |
2010 or later | 91 | C | 0.7 | C | 1.0 | C | 0.94 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 164 | C | 0.9 | B | 0.9 | B | 1.15 | |
Place of worship | Total | 24,790 | A | 25.6 | A | 29.6 | C | 0.99 |
Before 1920 | 5,031 | B | 7.8 | F | 16.2 | F | 1.89 | |
1920 to 1959 | 8,423 | F | 4.0 | B | 2.4 | B | 0.60 | |
1960 to 1969 | 2,609 | A | 2.5 | A | 2.3 | A | 0.91 | |
1970 to 1979 | 1,477 | B | 2.7 | F | 1.3 | C | 0.86 | |
1980 to 1989 | 2,877 | F | 2.8 | F | 2.5 | F | 0.91 | |
1990 to 1999 | 1,110 | A | 1.3 | B | 1.8 | F | 0.94 | |
2000 to 2009 | 815 | B | 1.3 | B | 0.8 | C | 0.71 | |
2010 or later | 462 | C | 0.5 | F | 0.5 | F | 0.98 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 1,986 | B | 2.7 | F | 1.9 | C | 0.87 | |
Museum or gallery | Total | 4,297 | B | 3.0 | A | 3.8 | B | 0.85 |
Before 1920 | 764 | F | 0.8 | C | 1.6 | F | 1.55 | |
1920 to 1959 | 766 | F | 0.5 | F | 0.3 | F | 0.76 | |
1960 to 1969 | 870 | F | 0.5 | F | 0.8 | F | 0.50 | |
1970 to 1979 | 518 | F | 0.1 | C | 0.1 | C | 0.60 | |
1980 to 1989 | 360 | F | 0.4 | F | 0.2 | C | 0.41 | |
1990 to 1999 | 161 | C | 0.1 | B | 0.1 | F | 0.65 | |
2000 to 2009 | 37 | B | 0.0 | F | 0.0 | F | 1.02 | |
2010 or later | 44 | A | 0.3 | F | 0.3 | C | 1.06 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 779 | F | 0.4 | F | 0.3 | F | 1.04 | |
Library or archives | Total | 3,307 | F | 3.2 | F | 3.3 | F | 1.00 |
Before 1920 | 123 | B | 0.2 | F | 0.2 | F | 1.20 | |
1920 to 1959 | 151 | C | 0.2 | C | 0.2 | C | 1.02 | |
1960 to 1969 | 183 | B | 0.3 | C | 0.3 | C | 1.03 | |
1970 to 1979 | 80 | B | 0.1 | B | 0.1 | C | 0.91 | |
1980 to 1989 | 128 | B | 0.3 | C | 0.3 | F | 0.97 | |
1990 to 1999 | 2,177 | F | 1.6 | F | 1.7 | F | 0.98 | |
2000 to 2009 | 84 | B | 0.2 | F | 0.1 | F | 0.89 | |
2010 or later | 103 | B | 0.2 | B | 0.2 | B | 1.21 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 278 | F | 0.2 | C | 0.3 | F | 1.04 | |
Warehouse | Total | 42,220 | A | 88.2 | A | 107.9 | A | 1.04 |
Before 1920 | 477 | F | 1.1 | F | 3.1 | F | 2.72 | |
1920 to 1959 | 2,568 | B | 5.2 | B | 4.0 | C | 1.05 | |
1960 to 1969 | 2,120 | A | 4.5 | A | 3.6 | A | 0.88 | |
1970 to 1979 | 6,717 | A | 12.7 | C | 22.0 | C | 1.38 | |
1980 to 1989 | 5,755 | B | 7.7 | A | 9.2 | B | 1.12 | |
1990 to 1999 | 3,295 | A | 8.2 | B | 9.5 | C | 0.85 | |
2000 to 2009 | 5,937 | A | 20.4 | A | 20.9 | B | 0.79 | |
2010 or later | 1,725 | A | 6.2 | F | 15.1 | F | 2.39 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 13,626 | B | 22.2 | B | 20.6 | C | 0.79 | |
Vehicle dealership, repair, or storage | Total | 45,021 | A | 31.6 | A | 47.8 | A | 1.82 |
Before 1920 | 111 | − | 0.0 | − | 0.1 | − | 1.81 | |
1920 to 1959 | 9,677 | C | 5.1 | B | 8.7 | F | 1.46 | |
1960 to 1969 | 6,203 | C | 2.5 | B | 6.4 | C | 4.80 | |
1970 to 1979 | 4,414 | A | 3.4 | B | 4.3 | B | 1.48 | |
1980 to 1989 | 7,094 | B | 6.8 | B | 10.5 | C | 1.33 | |
1990 to 1999 | 3,259 | A | 2.2 | A | 3.2 | B | 1.53 | |
2000 to 2009 | 4,629 | C | 3.5 | A | 4.2 | B | 1.02 | |
2010 or later | 3,006 | B | 3.3 | B | 5.3 | C | 1.45 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 6,629 | A | 4.8 | A | 5.1 | A | 1.15 | |
Mixed use Footnote 2 | Total | 60,419 | A | 88.0 | A | 209.3 | C | 1.36 |
Before 1920 | 6,748 | B | 3.3 | B | 2.9 | B | 0.92 | |
1920 to 1959 | 8,531 | B | 13.9 | C | 65.8 | F | 1.15 | |
1960 to 1969 | 4,863 | B | 10.1 | F | 19.7 | F | 0.86 | |
1970 to 1979 | 14,153 | C | 11.8 | C | 9.0 | B | 0.74 | |
1980 to 1989 | 9,195 | B | 15.5 | B | 23.3 | B | 1.05 | |
1990 to 1999 | 4,532 | C | 5.1 | B | 9.0 | F | 2.36 | |
2000 to 2009 | 2,410 | B | 3.5 | B | 3.1 | B | 1.06 | |
2010 or later | 3,194 | F | 7.8 | F | 63.1 | F | 7.04 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 6,794 | B | 16.9 | C | 13.3 | C | 0.89 | |
Others in scope Footnote 3 | Total | 49,240 | A | 63.2 | A | 102.8 | B | 1.16 |
Before 1920 | 3,910 | C | 2.7 | B | 2.8 | B | 1.02 | |
1920 to 1959 | 10,873 | B | 11.8 | C | 26.8 | F | 1.58 | |
1960 to 1969 | 3,966 | B | 5.3 | F | 14.2 | F | 1.36 | |
1970 to 1979 | 7,356 | F | 14.0 | F | 28.6 | F | 1.01 | |
1980 to 1989 | 5,142 | B | 3.3 | B | 3.8 | B | 0.92 | |
1990 to 1999 | 4,151 | B | 4.0 | B | 5.0 | C | 1.30 | |
2000 to 2009 | 2,186 | A | 3.9 | B | 3.9 | B | 1.10 | |
2010 or later | 3,767 | F | 8.3 | F | 9.5 | F | 1.30 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 7,888 | A | 9.9 | B | 8.3 | C | 0.72 | |
Total Buildings | Total | 555,576 | A | 712.4 | A | 956.4 | A | 1.29 |
Before 1920 | 36,412 | A | 35.6 | B | 40.0 | C | 1.13 | |
1920 to 1959 | 82,648 | A | 93.0 | A | 164.0 | C | 1.35 | |
1960 to 1969 | 53,316 | A | 72.8 | A | 115.5 | B | 1.75 | |
1970 to 1979 | 72,358 | A | 92.3 | A | 124.5 | A | 1.25 | |
1980 to 1989 | 68,538 | A | 81.5 | A | 96.8 | A | 1.12 | |
1990 to 1999 | 44,658 | A | 60.4 | A | 73.0 | A | 1.52 | |
2000 to 2009 | 49,590 | A | 85.7 | A | 98.3 | A | 1.17 | |
2010 or later | 34,797 | A | 58.0 | A | 126.5 | F | 1.85 | |
Not available Footnote 1 | 113,259 | A | 133.0 | A | 117.7 | A | 1.01 |
Legend:
- Quality indicators (QI) classify each estimate according to its quality as follows: A–20% or less, B–between 20% and 30%, C–between 30% and 40%, and F–more than 40%.
- A cell value of 0.0 is a valid value that indicates that the amount is greater than 0 but less than 0.05
- ’–’ in the Quality Indicator (QI) column means that there are not enough observations to calculate it
Notes:
- SCIEU 2019 collected data through two surveys: a survey for buildings and a survey for establishments. The latter includes universities, other post−secondary institutions (i.e. colleges / CEGEPs, technical schools) and hospitals, where one establishment may have one or multiple buildings. The establishment survey for SCIEU 2019 yielded a total of 1,444 establishments, comprised of 242 universities, 445 other post−secondary institutions, and 757 hospitals, representing 4,660 university buildings, 1,824 other post−secondary buildings, and 2,008 hospital buildings, respectively.
- Some totals may not be the same between tables due to rounding.
Footnotes: