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The aggregate energy use data presented in this report are taken from Statistics Canada’s Report on Energy Supply and Demand in Canada (RESD). Some modifications to the original Statistics Canada data were required and are documented in Appendix A of NRCan’s Energy Use Data Handbook, 1990 and 1997 to 2006. The differences that exist between this report and Canada’s Energy Outlook relate to the sector allocations of RESD energy-use data.
FIGURE 1-1: Secondary Energy Use by Sector, 2006
Sector | Industrial | Transportation | Residential | Commercial/ Institutional | Agriculture | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy use (PJ) | 3271 | 2492 | 1347 | 1093 | 210.8 | 8413.8 |
Percentage | 0.389 | 0.296 | 0.160 | 0.130 | 0.025 | 1.000 |
FIGURE 1-2: GHG Emissions From Secondary Energy Use by Sector, 2006
Sector | Transportation | Industrial | Residential | Commercial/ Institutional | Agriculture | Total |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GHG emissions (Mt) | 172.4 | 161.5 | 69.6 | 60.4 | 14.5 | 478.4 |
Percentage | 0.360 | 0.338 | 0.145 | 0.126 | 0.030 | 1.00 |
FIGURE 1-3: Energy Intensity and the Energy Efficiency Effect, 1990 to 2006
Index 1990 = 1.00 |
Energy intensity index | Index of energy efficiency effect |
---|---|---|
1990 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
1991 | 1.00 | 0.98 |
1992 | 1.00 | 0.97 |
1993 | 1.00 | 0.96 |
1994 | 0.99 | 0.96 |
1995 | 0.98 | 0.92 |
1996 | 1.00 | 0.93 |
1997 | 0.97 | 0.91 |
1998 | 0.91 | 0.89 |
1999 | 0.89 | 0.87 |
2000 | 0.87 | 0.87 |
2001 | 0.84 | 0.86 |
2002 | 0.85 | 0.87 |
2003 | 0.85 | 0.88 |
2004 | 0.84 | 0.87 |
2005 | 0.81 | 0.84 |
2006 | 0.78 | 0.84 |
FIGURE 1-4: Secondary Energy Use, Actual and Without Energy Efficiency Improvements, 1990 to 2006
Index 1990 = 1.00 |
Estimated secondary energy use without energy efficiency improvements | Actual energy use |
---|---|---|
1990 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
1991 | 1.00 | 0.98 |
1992 | 1.03 | 1.00 |
1993 | 1.05 | 1.01 |
1994 | 1.09 | 1.05 |
1995 | 1.15 | 1.07 |
1996 | 1.17 | 1.11 |
1997 | 1.20 | 1.11 |
1998 | 1.20 | 1.09 |
1999 | 1.25 | 1.12 |
2000 | 1.29 | 1.17 |
2001 | 1.27 | 1.14 |
2002 | 1.31 | 1.18 |
2003 | 1.33 | 1.22 |
2004 | 1.36 | 1.23 |
2005 | 1.38 | 1.22 |
2006 | 1.36 | 1.21 |
FIGURE 1-5: Canadian Households by Type of Dwelling, 2006
Dwelling type | Number of households | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Single detached homes | 7 181 000 | 56 |
Single attached homes | 1 346 000 | 11 |
Apartments | 3 981 000 | 31 |
Mobile homes | 248 000 | 2 |
Total | 12 756 000 | 100 |
FIGURE 1-6: Residential Energy Use by End-Use, 2006
Activity | Energy use (PJ) | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Space heating | 794.0 | 59 |
Water heating | 247.4 | 18 |
Appliances | 205.4 | 15 |
Lighting | 69.9 | 5 |
Space cooling | 30.6 | 2 |
Total | 1347.3 | 100 |
FIGURE 1-7: Number of Households, Average Floor Space by Household and Energy Intensity Indexes, 1990 to 2006
Index 1990 = 1.00 |
Number of households | Average floor space by household | Energy intensity (GJ/household) |
---|---|---|---|
1990 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
1991 | 1.03 | 1.01 | 0.96 |
1992 | 1.05 | 1.01 | 0.97 |
1993 | 1.07 | 1.02 | 0.98 |
1994 | 1.08 | 1.02 | 0.98 |
1995 | 1.10 | 1.02 | 0.95 |
1996 | 1.12 | 1.03 | 1.01 |
1997 | 1.13 | 1.03 | 0.96 |
1998 | 1.15 | 1.03 | 0.86 |
1999 | 1.17 | 1.03 | 0.88 |
2000 | 1.19 | 1.03 | 0.91 |
2001 | 1.20 | 1.03 | 0.86 |
2002 | 1.22 | 1.03 | 0.89 |
2003 | 1.23 | 1.03 | 0.91 |
2004 | 1.25 | 1.03 | 0.88 |
2005 | 1.27 | 1.03 | 0.86 |
2006 | 1.29 | 1.04 | 0.81 |
FIGURE 1-8: Residential Energy Use, Actual and Without Energy Efficiency Improvements, 1990 to 2006
Index 1990 = 1.00 |
Estimated energy use without energy efficiency improvements | Actual energy use |
---|---|---|
1990 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
1991 | 1.04 | 0.98 |
1992 | 1.10 | 1.01 |
1993 | 1.14 | 1.04 |
1994 | 1.14 | 1.07 |
1995 | 1.17 | 1.05 |
1996 | 1.22 | 1.12 |
1997 | 1.21 | 1.08 |
1998 | 1.14 | 0.99 |
1999 | 1.18 | 1.03 |
2000 | 1.25 | 1.08 |
2001 | 1.22 | 1.04 |
2002 | 1.28 | 1.08 |
2003 | 1.32 | 1.12 |
2004 | 1.32 | 1.10 |
2005 | 1.34 | 1.09 |
2006 | 1.31 | 1.05 |
FIGURE 1-9 Annual Heating* Consumption for Houses Constructed to Different Standards
House type | ecoENERGY Retrofit Homes annual heating* consumption (GJ) | Sample size | Total consumption (GJ) |
---|---|---|---|
Typical existing house** (1970) | 146 | 8661 | 177.9 |
Model National Energy Code house*** (2002) | 112 | 1 | 143.34 |
Average** of EnerGuide labelled houses (2007) | 89 | 3992 | 120.68 |
Average** of R-2000 certified houses |
76 | 520 | 107.05 |
* DHW and space heating
** National average
*** 198-m² two-storey, single detached house heated with natural gas in Ottawa, Ontario
FIGURE 1-10: Average Energy Consumption of New Electric Appliances,
1990 and 2006 Models
Appliance | 1990 models (KWh/yr) |
2006 models (KWh/yr) |
---|---|---|
Clothes washers | 1218 | 390 |
Clothes dryers | 1103 | 905 |
Dishwashers | 841 | 305 |
Refrigerators | 956 | 481 |
Electric ranges | 772 | 537 |
Freezers | 714 | 380 |
FIGURE 1-11: Commercial/Institutional Energy Use by Activity Type*, 2006
Activity type | Energy use (PJ) | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Offices** | 381.2 | 35 |
Retail trade | 179.2 | 17 |
Educational services | 149.9 | 14 |
Health care and social assistance | 103.2 | 9 |
Accommodation and food services | 83.9 | 7 |
Wholesale trade | 61.3 | 6 |
Transportation and warehousing | 46.8 | 5 |
Arts, entertainment and recreation | 33.0 | 3 |
Information and cultural industries | 25.9 | 2 |
Other services | 19.9 | 2 |
Total | 1084.3 | 100 |
* Excludes street lighting
** “Offices” includes activities related to finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional, scientific and technical services; and public administration.
FIGURE 1-12: Commercial/Institutional Energy Use by Purpose, 2006
Purpose | Energy use (PJ) | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Space heating | 537.4 | 49 |
Auxiliary equipment | 177.4 | 16 |
Lighting | 107.5 | 10 |
Space cooling | 77.1 | 7 |
Water heating | 95.2 | 9 |
Auxiliary motors | 89.5 | 8 |
Street lighting | 8.4 | 1 |
Total | 1092.5 | 100 |
FIGURE 1-13: Commercial/Institutional Energy Use, Actual and Without Energy Efficiency Improvements, 1990 to 2006
Index 1990 = 1.00 |
Estimated energy use without energy efficiency improvements | Actual energy use |
---|---|---|
1990 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
1991 | 1.05 | 1.03 |
1992 | 1.08 | 1.04 |
1993 | 1.13 | 1.08 |
1994 | 1.14 | 1.07 |
1995 | 1.16 | 1.11 |
1996 | 1.20 | 1.13 |
1997 | 1.20 | 1.15 |
1998 | 1.17 | 1.09 |
1999 | 1.22 | 1.13 |
2000 | 1.26 | 1.24 |
2001 | 1.26 | 1.22 |
2002 | 1.34 | 1.31 |
2003 | 1.36 | 1.35 |
2004 | 1.36 | 1.35 |
2005 | 1.42 | 1.33 |
2006 | 1.39 | 1.26 |
FIGURE 1-14: Industrial Energy Use by Subsector –
Including Electricity-Related Emissions*, 2006
Subsector | Industrial energy use (%) | Energy use (PJ) |
---|---|---|
Pulp and paper | 25 | 823.7 |
Mining | 22 | 715.6 |
Other manufacturing** | 17 | 554.0 |
Petroleum refining | 10 | 314.5 |
Smelting and refining | 8 | 267.1 |
Iron and steel | 7 | 238.9 |
Chemicals | 6 | 202.8 |
Other industries*** | 3 | 82.2 |
Cement | 2 | 71.7 |
Total | 100 | 3270.5 |
* The Subsectors below reflect the current definitions in the Report on Energy Supply-demand in Canada.
** “Other manufacturing” comprises more than 20 manufacturing industries.
*** “Other industries” includes construction and forestry.
FIGURE 1-15: Cost of Energy to Manufacturing Industries
as a Percentage of Total Production Cost, 2006
Industry | Energy cost of total production cost (%) |
---|---|
Transportation equipment and manufacturing | 0.88 |
Petroleum refining | 2.00 |
Chemicals | 10.65 |
Iron and steel | 14.75 |
Pulp and paper | 14.88 |
Aluminum | 22.36 |
Cement | 36.58 |
FIGURE 1-16: Industrial Energy Use, Actual and Without Energy Efficiency Improvements, 1990 to 2006
Index 1990 = 1.00 |
Estimated energy use without energy efficiency improvements | Actual energy use |
---|---|---|
1990 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
1995 | 1.14 | 1.08 |
1996 | 1.14 | 1.11 |
1997 | 1.18 | 1.10 |
1998 | 1.19 | 1.08 |
1999 | 1.24 | 1.11 |
2000 | 1.28 | 1.15 |
2001 | 1.24 | 1.10 |
2002 | 1.28 | 1.16 |
2003 | 1.29 | 1.20 |
2004 | 1.31 | 1.20 |
2005 | 1.31 | 1.18 |
2006 | 1.30 | 1.20 |
FIGURE 1-17: Transportation Energy Use by Mode, 2006
Energy use (PJ) | Percentage | |
---|---|---|
Passenger light vehicle | 1065.3 | |
Passenger aviation | 248.6 | |
Passenger bus | 53.3 | |
Passenger rail | 2.5 | |
Passenger total | 1369.7 | 55.1 |
Freight aviation | 7.1 | |
Freight truck | 833.1 | |
Freight marine | 99.5 | |
Freight rail | 78.9 | |
Freight total | 1018.6 | 41.0 |
Off-road total | 97.4 | 3.9 |
Total transportation energy use | 2485.7 | 100.0 |
FIGURE 1-18: Market Shares of New Passenger Car and
Light-Truck Sales, 1990 to 2006
Passenger car | Passenger light truck | |
---|---|---|
1990 | 74.7 | 25.3 |
1991 | 75.2 | 24.8 |
1992 | 72.7 | 27.3 |
1993 | 69.7 | 30.3 |
1994 | 67.2 | 32.8 |
1995 | 65.1 | 34.9 |
1996 | 62.8 | 37.2 |
1997 | 59.7 | 40.3 |
1998 | 59.1 | 40.9 |
1999 | 60.9 | 39.1 |
2000 | 63.0 | 37.0 |
2001 | 63.4 | 36.6 |
2002 | 62.7 | 37.3 |
2003 | 62.1 | 37.9 |
2004 | 61.58 | 38.42 |
2005 | 61.59 | 38.41 |
2006 | 61.16 | 38.84 |
FIGURE 1-19: Transportation Energy Use, Actual and Without Energy Efficiency Improvements, 1990 to 2006
Index 1990 = 1.00 |
Estimated energy use without energy efficiency improvements | Actual energy use |
---|---|---|
1990 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
1991 | 0.98 | 0.96 |
1992 | 1.01 | 0.99 |
1993 | 1.05 | 1.00 |
1994 | 1.12 | 1.05 |
1995 | 1.15 | 1.07 |
1996 | 1.18 | 1.09 |
1997 | 1.23 | 1.13 |
1998 | 1.27 | 1.17 |
1999 | 1.32 | 1.20 |
2000 | 1.34 | 1.22 |
2001 | 1.36 | 1.21 |
2002 | 1.38 | 1.23 |
2003 | 1.41 | 1.26 |
2004 | 1.48 | 1.31 |
2005 | 1.50 | 1.33 |
2006 | 1.51 | 1.33 |
FIGURE 1-20: Average Activity per Truck,
1990 to 2006 (tonne kilometres/truck)
Medium-and heavy-duty truck vehicle activity | |
---|---|
1990 | 105 742 |
1991 | 98 658 |
1992 | 103 459 |
1993 | 117 687 |
1994 | 133 653 |
1995 | 142 910 |
1996 | 141 219 |
1997 | 163 975 |
1998 | 162 926 |
1999 | 175 266 |
2000 | 178 269 |
2001 | 198 998 |
2002 | 197 396 |
2003 | 202 326 |
2004 | 219 262 |
2005 | 230 890 |
2006 | 227 689 |
FIGURE 1-21: Trucking Energy Intensity,
1990 to 2006 (megajoules/tonne kilometre)
Medium-and heavy-duty trucks energy intensity | |
---|---|
1990 | 3.71 |
1991 | 3.81 |
1992 | 3.79 |
1993 | 3.62 |
1994 | 3.44 |
1995 | 3.46 |
1996 | 3.41 |
1997 | 3.33 |
1998 | 3.16 |
1999 | 2.99 |
2000 | 3.02 |
2001 | 2.83 |
2002 | 2.80 |
2003 | 2.92 |
2004 | 2.86 |
2005 | 2.78 |
2006 | 2.75 |
FIGURE 1-22: Shares of On-Road Transportation Fuel, 2006
Fuel type | Energy use (PJ) | Percentage |
---|---|---|
Electricity | 3.5 | 0.16 |
Natural gas | 1.9 | 0.09 |
Motor gasoline | 1397.5 | 63.41 |
Diesel | 782.9 | 35.52 |
Liquefied petroleum gas | 11.6 | 0.53 |
Renewable fuels | 6.4 | 0.29 |
Total | 2203.8 | 100.00 |
FIGURE 2-1: Volume of Monthly Import Documents
Month | Paper | Electronic | Total |
---|---|---|---|
Apr. 08 | 153 | 113 257 | 113 410 |
May 08 | 362 | 113 315 | 113 677 |
Jun. 08 | 36 | 114 626 | 114 662 |
Jul. 08 | 21 | 122 532 | 122 553 |
Aug. 08 | 113 | 120 145 | 120 258 |
Sep. 08 | 1 | 119 302 | 119 303 |
Oct. 08 | 36 | 127 613 | 127 649 |
Nov. 08 | 128 | 106 206 | 106 334 |
Dec. 08 | 103 | 98 846 | 98 949 |
Jan. 09 | 311 | 100 555 | 100 866 |
Feb. 09 | 81 | 84 790 | 84 871 |
Mar. 09 | - | 94 361 | 94 361 |
Total | 1 345 | 1 315 548 | 1 316 893 |
FIGURE 2-4: ENERGY STAR Qualified Appliances as a Percentage of Total Category Shipments in Canada, 1999 to 2007
Appliance | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | (%) | |
Dishwashers | 0.6 | 1.6 | 9.7 | 29.8 | 56.5 | 81.0 | 90.8 | 79.7 | 76.2 |
Clothes Washers | 1.9 | 2.2 | 9.2 | 22.1 | 30.6 | 36.2 | 45.9 | 50.8 | 58.4 |
Refrigerators | - | - | 11.4 | 22.3 | 40.7 | 34.2 | 37.6 | 37.3 | 44.3 |
FIGURE 2-5: ENERGY STAR Awareness Levels in Canada, 2007
Percentage | |
---|---|
Aware – non-aided | 56 |
Aware – aided | 62 |
FIGURE 3-1: Residential Energy Use and Energy Savings per Household, Pre-1945 to 2000–2009
Pre- 1945 |
1945– 1959 |
1960– 1969 |
1970– 1979 |
1980– 1989 |
1990– 1999 |
2000– 2009* |
Average | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Energy use pre-renovation (GJ) | 278 | 205 | 191 | 176 | 176 | 164 | 151 | 198 |
Actual energy savings after renovations (GJ) | 92 | 55 | 47 | 42 | 37 | 31 | 36 | 51 |
* Data for 2007 are from ecoENERGY Retrofit – Homes (previous data source was EnerGuide for Houses).
FIGURE 3-2: Number of R-2000 Housing Certifications,
1990 to 2008
Year | Number of R-2000 houses |
|
---|---|---|
1990 | 495 | |
1991 | 699 | |
1992 | 1196 | |
1993 | 1299 | |
1994 | 784 | |
1995 | 610 | |
1996 | 416 | |
1997 | 484 | |
1998 | 265 | |
1999 | 213 | |
2000 | 319 | |
2001 | 329 | |
2002 | 428 | |
2003 | 379 | |
2004 | 583 | |
2005 | 500 | |
2006 | 439 | |
2007 | 483 | |
2008 | 557 |
FIGURE 3-3: CIPEC Energy Intensity Index, 1990 to 2006
Index 1990 = 1.00 |
Energy intensity index |
---|---|
1990 | 1.00 |
1991 | 1.05 |
1992 | 1.08 |
1993 | 1.06 |
1994 | 1.06 |
1995 | 1.04 |
1996 | 1.03 |
1997 | 0.98 |
1998 | 0.96 |
1999 | 0.95 |
2000 | 0.91 |
2001 | 0.91 |
2002 | 0.92 |
2003 | 0.94 |
2004 | 0.91 |
2005 | 0.87 |
2006 | 0.88 |
FIGURE 3-4: Industrial Dollars to $ense Participants, Pre-2000 to 2008
Fiscal year | Pre-2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of industrial workshop participants |
748 | 408 | 353 | 481 | 880 | 1027 | 1290 | 1230 | 1290 |
FIGURE 3-5: New Vehicle Fuel Efficiency Labelling
Year | On lot | In showroom |
---|---|---|
2007 | 78 | 56 |
2005 | 78 | 61 |
2001 | 77 | 56 |
1999 | 64 | 47 |
FIGURE 3-6: Company Average Fuel Consumption (CAFC) versus Canadian Voluntary Standards, 1990 to 2007*
Truck model year | Truck standard (L/100 km) |
Trucks CAFC (L/100 km) |
Car standard (L/100 km) |
Cars CAFC (L/100 km) |
---|---|---|---|---|
1990 | 11.8 | 11.4 | 8.6 | 8.2 |
1991 | 11.6 | 11.1 | 8.6 | 8.0 |
1992 | 11.6 | 11.3 | 8.6 | 8.1 |
1993 | 11.5 | 11.1 | 8.6 | 8.1 |
1994 | 11.5 | 11.5 | 8.6 | 8.2 |
1995 | 11.4 | 11.5 | 8.6 | 7.9 |
1996 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 8.6 | 7.9 |
1997 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 8.6 | 8.0 |
1998 | 11.4 | 11.4 | 8.6 | 7.9 |
1999 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 8.6 | 7.9 |
2000 | 11.4 | 11.1 | 8.6 | 7.8 |
2001 | 11.4 | 11.0 | 8.6 | 7.8 |
2002 | 11.4 | 11.0 | 8.6 | 7.7 |
2003 | 11.4 | 10.8 | 8.6 | 7.6 |
2004 | 11.4 | 10.9 | 8.6 | 7.5 |
2005 | 11.2 | 10.6 | 8.6 | 7.4 |
2006 | 10.9 | 10.4 | 8.6 | 7.4 |
2007 | 10.6 | 10.1 | 8.6 | 7.1 |
*2003–2007 data are estimates.
FIGURE 4-1: RETScreen Software: Cumulative Growth of User Base
Canada | World | |
---|---|---|
1990 | 1421 | 1688 |
2000 | 2966 | 5782 |
2001 | 4527 | 9838 |
2002 | 6650 | 15 292 |
2003 | 9754 | 20 499 |
2004 | 14 125 | 27 752 |
2005 | 18 178 | 38 270 |
2006 | 24 005 | 56 432 |
2007 | 28 990 | 78 215 |
2008 | 36 891 | 110 264 |
2009 | 44 987 | 148 046 |
FIGURE 5-1: Canadian Wind Power Capacity,
1993 to 2008
Wind power capacity (MW) |
|
---|---|
1993 | 1 |
1994 | 22 |
1995 | 23 |
1996 | 23 |
1997 | 24 |
1998 | 27 |
1999 | 127 |
2000 | 139 |
2001 | 215 |
2002 | 233 |
2003 | 326 |
2004 | 445 |
2005 | 686 |
2006 | 1459 |
2007 | 1846 |
2008 | 2369 |