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Improving Energy Performance in Canada – Report to Parliament Under the Energy Efficiency Act For the Fiscal Year 2008-2009

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Appendix 2 Data Presented in the Report

The aggregate energy use data presented in this report are taken from Statistics Canada’s Report on Energy Supply and Demand in Canada (RESD). Some modifications to the original Statistics Canada data were required and are documented in Appendix A of NRCan’s Energy Use Data Handbook, 1990 and 1997 to 2006. The differences that exist between this report and Canada’s Energy Outlook relate to the sector allocations of RESD energy-use data.

FIGURE 1-1: Secondary Energy Use by Sector, 2006

Sector Industrial Transportation Residential Commercial/ Institutional Agriculture Total

Energy use (PJ) 3271 2492 1347 1093 210.8 8413.8
Percentage 0.389 0.296 0.160 0.130 0.025 1.000

FIGURE 1-2: GHG Emissions From Secondary Energy Use by Sector, 2006

Sector Transportation Industrial Residential Commercial/ Institutional Agriculture Total

GHG emissions (Mt) 172.4 161.5 69.6 60.4 14.5 478.4
Percentage 0.360 0.338 0.145 0.126 0.030 1.00

FIGURE 1-3: Energy Intensity and the Energy Efficiency Effect, 1990 to 2006

Index
1990 = 1.00
Energy intensity index Index of energy efficiency effect

1990 1.00 1.00
1991 1.00 0.98
1992 1.00 0.97
1993 1.00 0.96
1994 0.99 0.96
1995 0.98 0.92
1996 1.00 0.93
1997 0.97 0.91
1998 0.91 0.89
1999 0.89 0.87
2000 0.87 0.87
2001 0.84 0.86
2002 0.85 0.87
2003 0.85 0.88
2004 0.84 0.87
2005 0.81 0.84
2006 0.78 0.84

FIGURE 1-4: Secondary Energy Use, Actual and Without Energy Efficiency Improvements, 1990 to 2006

Index
1990 = 1.00
Estimated secondary energy use without energy efficiency improvements Actual energy use

1990 1.00 1.00
1991 1.00 0.98
1992 1.03 1.00
1993 1.05 1.01
1994 1.09 1.05
1995 1.15 1.07
1996 1.17 1.11
1997 1.20 1.11
1998 1.20 1.09
1999 1.25 1.12
2000 1.29 1.17
2001 1.27 1.14
2002 1.31 1.18
2003 1.33 1.22
2004 1.36 1.23
2005 1.38 1.22
2006 1.36 1.21

FIGURE 1-5: Canadian Households by Type of Dwelling, 2006

Dwelling type Number of households Percentage

Single detached homes 7 181 000 56
Single attached homes 1 346 000 11
Apartments 3 981 000 31
Mobile homes 248 000 2
Total 12 756 000 100

FIGURE 1-6: Residential Energy Use by End-Use, 2006

Activity Energy use (PJ) Percentage

Space heating 794.0 59
Water heating 247.4 18
Appliances 205.4 15
Lighting 69.9 5
Space cooling 30.6 2
Total 1347.3 100

FIGURE 1-7: Number of Households, Average Floor Space by Household and Energy Intensity Indexes, 1990 to 2006

Index
1990 = 1.00
Number of households Average floor space by household Energy intensity (GJ/household)

1990 1.00 1.00 1.00
1991 1.03 1.01 0.96
1992 1.05 1.01 0.97
1993 1.07 1.02 0.98
1994 1.08 1.02 0.98
1995 1.10 1.02 0.95
1996 1.12 1.03 1.01
1997 1.13 1.03 0.96
1998 1.15 1.03 0.86
1999 1.17 1.03 0.88
2000 1.19 1.03 0.91
2001 1.20 1.03 0.86
2002 1.22 1.03 0.89
2003 1.23 1.03 0.91
2004 1.25 1.03 0.88
2005 1.27 1.03 0.86
2006 1.29 1.04 0.81

FIGURE 1-8: Residential Energy Use, Actual and Without Energy Efficiency Improvements, 1990 to 2006

Index
1990 = 1.00
Estimated energy use without energy efficiency improvements Actual energy use

1990 1.00 1.00
1991 1.04 0.98
1992 1.10 1.01
1993 1.14 1.04
1994 1.14 1.07
1995 1.17 1.05
1996 1.22 1.12
1997 1.21 1.08
1998 1.14 0.99
1999 1.18 1.03
2000 1.25 1.08
2001 1.22 1.04
2002 1.28 1.08
2003 1.32 1.12
2004 1.32 1.10
2005 1.34 1.09
2006 1.31 1.05

FIGURE 1-9 Annual Heating* Consumption for Houses Constructed to Different Standards

House type ecoENERGY Retrofit Homes annual heating* consumption (GJ) Sample size Total consumption (GJ)

Typical existing house** (1970) 146 8661 177.9
Model National Energy Code house*** (2002) 112 1 143.34
Average** of EnerGuide labelled houses (2007) 89 3992 120.68
Average** of
R-2000 certified houses
76 520 107.05

* DHW and space heating
** National average
*** 198- two-storey, single detached house heated with natural gas in Ottawa, Ontario

FIGURE 1-10: Average Energy Consumption of New Electric Appliances,
1990 and 2006 Models

Appliance 1990 models
(KWh/yr)
2006 models
(KWh/yr)

Clothes washers 1218 390
Clothes dryers 1103 905
Dishwashers 841 305
Refrigerators 956 481
Electric ranges 772 537
Freezers 714 380

FIGURE 1-11: Commercial/Institutional Energy Use by Activity Type*, 2006

Activity type Energy use (PJ) Percentage

Offices** 381.2 35
Retail trade 179.2 17
Educational services 149.9 14
Health care and social assistance 103.2 9
Accommodation and food services 83.9 7
Wholesale trade 61.3 6
Transportation and warehousing 46.8 5
Arts, entertainment and recreation 33.0 3
Information and cultural industries 25.9 2
Other services 19.9 2
Total 1084.3 100

* Excludes street lighting
** “Offices” includes activities related to finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional, scientific and technical services; and public administration.

FIGURE 1-12: Commercial/Institutional Energy Use by Purpose, 2006

Purpose Energy use (PJ) Percentage

Space heating 537.4 49
Auxiliary equipment 177.4 16
Lighting 107.5 10
Space cooling 77.1 7
Water heating 95.2 9
Auxiliary motors 89.5 8
Street lighting 8.4 1
Total 1092.5 100

FIGURE 1-13: Commercial/Institutional Energy Use, Actual and Without Energy Efficiency Improvements, 1990 to 2006

Index
1990 = 1.00
Estimated energy use without energy efficiency improvements Actual energy use

1990 1.00 1.00
1991 1.05 1.03
1992 1.08 1.04
1993 1.13 1.08
1994 1.14 1.07
1995 1.16 1.11
1996 1.20 1.13
1997 1.20 1.15
1998 1.17 1.09
1999 1.22 1.13
2000 1.26 1.24
2001 1.26 1.22
2002 1.34 1.31
2003 1.36 1.35
2004 1.36 1.35
2005 1.42 1.33
2006 1.39 1.26

FIGURE 1-14: Industrial Energy Use by Subsector –
Including Electricity-Related Emissions*, 2006

Subsector Industrial energy use (%) Energy use (PJ)

Pulp and paper 25 823.7
Mining 22 715.6
Other manufacturing** 17 554.0
Petroleum refining 10 314.5
Smelting and refining 8 267.1
Iron and steel 7 238.9
Chemicals 6 202.8
Other industries*** 3 82.2
Cement 2 71.7
Total 100 3270.5

* The Subsectors below reflect the current definitions in the Report on Energy Supply-demand in Canada.
** “Other manufacturing” comprises more than 20 manufacturing industries.
*** “Other industries” includes construction and forestry.

FIGURE 1-15: Cost of Energy to Manufacturing Industries
as a Percentage of Total Production Cost, 2006

Industry Energy cost of total production cost (%)

Transportation equipment and manufacturing 0.88
Petroleum refining 2.00
Chemicals 10.65
Iron and steel 14.75
Pulp and paper 14.88
Aluminum 22.36
Cement 36.58

FIGURE 1-16: Industrial Energy Use, Actual and Without Energy Efficiency Improvements, 1990 to 2006

Index
1990 = 1.00
Estimated energy use without energy efficiency improvements Actual energy use

1990 1.00 1.00
1995 1.14 1.08
1996 1.14 1.11
1997 1.18 1.10
1998 1.19 1.08
1999 1.24 1.11
2000 1.28 1.15
2001 1.24 1.10
2002 1.28 1.16
2003 1.29 1.20
2004 1.31 1.20
2005 1.31 1.18
2006 1.30 1.20

FIGURE 1-17: Transportation Energy Use by Mode, 2006

  Energy use (PJ) Percentage

Passenger light vehicle 1065.3  
Passenger aviation 248.6  
Passenger bus 53.3  
Passenger rail 2.5  

Passenger total 1369.7 55.1

Freight aviation 7.1  
Freight truck 833.1  
Freight marine 99.5  
Freight rail 78.9  

Freight total 1018.6 41.0

Off-road total 97.4 3.9

Total transportation energy use 2485.7 100.0

FIGURE 1-18: Market Shares of New Passenger Car and
Light-Truck Sales, 1990 to 2006

  Passenger car Passenger light truck

1990 74.7 25.3
1991 75.2 24.8
1992 72.7 27.3
1993 69.7 30.3
1994 67.2 32.8
1995 65.1 34.9
1996 62.8 37.2
1997 59.7 40.3
1998 59.1 40.9
1999 60.9 39.1
2000 63.0 37.0
2001 63.4 36.6
2002 62.7 37.3
2003 62.1 37.9
2004 61.58 38.42
2005 61.59 38.41
2006 61.16 38.84

FIGURE 1-19: Transportation Energy Use, Actual and Without Energy Efficiency Improvements, 1990 to 2006

Index
1990 = 1.00
Estimated energy use without energy efficiency improvements Actual energy use

1990 1.00 1.00
1991 0.98 0.96
1992 1.01 0.99
1993 1.05 1.00
1994 1.12 1.05
1995 1.15 1.07
1996 1.18 1.09
1997 1.23 1.13
1998 1.27 1.17
1999 1.32 1.20
2000 1.34 1.22
2001 1.36 1.21
2002 1.38 1.23
2003 1.41 1.26
2004 1.48 1.31
2005 1.50 1.33
2006 1.51 1.33

FIGURE 1-20: Average Activity per Truck,
1990 to 2006 (tonne kilometres/truck)

  Medium-and heavy-duty truck vehicle activity

1990 105 742
1991  98 658
1992 103 459
1993 117 687
1994 133 653
1995 142 910
1996 141 219
1997 163 975
1998 162 926
1999 175 266
2000 178 269
2001 198 998
2002 197 396
2003 202 326
2004 219 262
2005 230 890
2006 227 689

FIGURE 1-21: Trucking Energy Intensity,
1990 to 2006 (megajoules/tonne kilometre)

  Medium-and heavy-duty trucks energy intensity

1990 3.71
1991 3.81
1992 3.79
1993 3.62
1994 3.44
1995 3.46
1996 3.41
1997 3.33
1998 3.16
1999 2.99
2000 3.02
2001 2.83
2002 2.80
2003 2.92
2004 2.86
2005 2.78
2006 2.75

FIGURE 1-22: Shares of On-Road Transportation Fuel, 2006

Fuel type Energy use (PJ) Percentage

Electricity 3.5 0.16
Natural gas 1.9 0.09
Motor gasoline 1397.5 63.41
Diesel 782.9 35.52
Liquefied petroleum gas 11.6 0.53
Renewable fuels 6.4 0.29
Total 2203.8 100.00

FIGURE 2-1: Volume of Monthly Import Documents

Month Paper Electronic Total

Apr. 08 153 113 257 113 410
May 08 362 113 315 113 677
Jun. 08 36 114 626 114 662
Jul. 08 21 122 532 122 553
Aug. 08 113 120 145 120 258
Sep. 08 1 119 302 119 303
Oct. 08 36 127 613 127 649
Nov. 08 128 106 206 106 334
Dec. 08 103 98 846 98 949
Jan. 09 311 100 555 100 866
Feb. 09 81 84 790 84 871
Mar. 09 - 94 361 94 361
Total 1 345 1 315 548 1 316 893

FIGURE 2-4: ENERGY STAR Qualified Appliances as a Percentage of Total Category Shipments in Canada, 1999 to 2007

Appliance 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
  (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%) (%)

Dishwashers 0.6 1.6 9.7 29.8 56.5 81.0 90.8 79.7 76.2
Clothes Washers 1.9 2.2 9.2 22.1 30.6 36.2 45.9 50.8 58.4
Refrigerators - - 11.4 22.3 40.7 34.2 37.6 37.3 44.3

FIGURE 2-5: ENERGY STAR Awareness Levels in Canada, 2007

  Percentage

Aware – non-aided 56
Aware – aided 62

FIGURE 3-1: Residential Energy Use and Energy Savings per Household, Pre-1945 to 2000–2009

  Pre-
1945
1945–
1959
1960–
1969
1970–
1979
1980–
1989
1990–
1999
2000–
2009*
Average

Energy use pre-renovation (GJ) 278 205 191 176 176 164 151 198
Actual energy savings after renovations (GJ) 92 55 47 42 37 31 36 51

* Data for 2007 are from ecoENERGY Retrofit – Homes (previous data source was EnerGuide for Houses).

FIGURE 3-2: Number of R-2000 Housing Certifications,
1990 to 2008

Year Number of
R-2000 houses

1990 495
1991 699
1992 1196
1993 1299
1994 784
1995 610
1996 416
1997 484
1998 265
1999 213
2000 319
2001 329
2002 428
2003 379
2004 583
2005 500
2006 439
2007 483
2008 557

FIGURE 3-3: CIPEC Energy Intensity Index, 1990 to 2006

Index
1990 = 1.00
Energy
intensity index

1990 1.00
1991 1.05
1992 1.08
1993 1.06
1994 1.06
1995 1.04
1996 1.03
1997 0.98
1998 0.96
1999 0.95
2000 0.91
2001 0.91
2002 0.92
2003 0.94
2004 0.91
2005 0.87
2006 0.88

FIGURE 3-4: Industrial Dollars to $ense Participants, Pre-2000 to 2008

Fiscal year Pre-2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Number of
industrial
workshop
participants
 748  408  353  481  880 1027 1290 1230 1290

FIGURE 3-5: New Vehicle Fuel Efficiency Labelling

Year On lot In showroom

2007 78 56
2005 78 61
2001 77 56
1999 64 47

FIGURE 3-6: Company Average Fuel Consumption (CAFC) versus Canadian Voluntary Standards, 1990 to 2007*

Truck model year Truck standard
(L/100 km)
Trucks CAFC
(L/100 km)
Car standard
(L/100 km)
Cars CAFC
(L/100 km)

1990 11.8 11.4 8.6 8.2
1991 11.6 11.1 8.6 8.0
1992 11.6 11.3 8.6 8.1
1993 11.5 11.1 8.6 8.1
1994 11.5 11.5 8.6 8.2
1995 11.4 11.5 8.6 7.9
1996 11.4 11.3 8.6 7.9
1997 11.4 11.3 8.6 8.0
1998 11.4 11.4 8.6 7.9
1999 11.4 11.3 8.6 7.9
2000 11.4 11.1 8.6 7.8
2001 11.4 11.0 8.6 7.8
2002 11.4 11.0 8.6 7.7
2003 11.4 10.8 8.6 7.6
2004 11.4 10.9 8.6 7.5
2005 11.2 10.6 8.6 7.4
2006 10.9 10.4 8.6 7.4
2007 10.6 10.1 8.6 7.1

*2003–2007 data are estimates.

FIGURE 4-1: RETScreen Software: Cumulative Growth of User Base

  Canada World

1990 1421 1688
2000 2966 5782
2001 4527 9838
2002 6650 15 292
2003 9754 20 499
2004 14 125 27 752
2005 18 178 38 270
2006 24 005 56 432
2007 28 990 78 215
2008 36 891 110 264
2009 44 987 148 046

FIGURE 5-1: Canadian Wind Power Capacity,
1993 to 2008

  Wind power
capacity (MW)

1993 1
1994 22
1995 23
1996 23
1997 24
1998 27
1999 127
2000 139
2001 215
2002 233
2003 326
2004 445
2005 686
2006 1459
2007 1846
2008 2369

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